Transformational Leadership Addendum Assignment

Transformational Leadership Addendum - Assignment Example democratic leadership as a fully participatory form of leadership and a free reign as a situation where the subjects dictate what has to be done, and the leadership has no direction in this framework. The same study describes transformational leadership as the most recent form of leadership. The core characteristic of this style of leadership is to inspire the team to produce revolutionary results (Edward and jean 2013). In this form of leadership, the leader identifies a need for change in an organization and creates a pathway towards attaining this change. In addition, the leader taps into the emotional aspect of the team to inspire them to achieve this change (Marshall & Marshall 2011). In Ciulla (2004), the idea of a transformational leader has been improved further by distinguishing this type of leadership from selfish and manipulative styles of leadership. In this study, the type of leadership is described as that which is driven by ideologies, is charismatic and confident. Regardless of the leadership style taken by the leader, a good leadership style is characterized by greater inspiration to the team hence greater achievement of the goals and objectives (Babatunde 2013). The individual, therefore, has to try to adopt a framework that best suits the intention of the person in achieving the goals. It should be noted that each person’s adoption of these frameworks will produce varied results depending on the effectiveness of the adoption. In this paper, I provide my personal leadership style and advance the discussion on the influence of an individual personal leadership plan on the communication within and without a team. At a personal level, one has to develop a strategy to deal with the leadership hurdles that one comes across in a team. To communicate this strategy effectively depends on the type of leadership that an individual adopts in dealing with the members of the team. For instance in an autocratic type of leadership, the decision and

What Are the Differences in Organizational Structures Essay Example for Free

What Are the Differences in Organizational Structures Essay Organizational structure development is driven by an organizations type. According to Lamar University, organizational structure is, â€Å"the formal system of task and reporting relationships that controls, coordinates, and motivates employees so that they cooperate to achieve an organizations goals. † Depending on the type of business or organization, the organizational structure will be developed differently. For example, if you were running a local police department, the organizational structure would be very different from the structure used to run a department store. The type of structure used in a organization has the potential to increase or prohibit productivity. Differentiation The differentiation organizational structure is a team-based, functional approach. The structure separates the company into different teams that are specialized to accomplish a specific task. This is commonly seen in departments within a company. The company separates employees into an information technology department, customer service department and marketing department that confines each to specific tasks. The teams to do not interconnect or cross departmental lines to maintain order and control. Divisional Divisional organizational structure overlaps teams and skills in order to accomplish a task. This structure allows different departments to interconnect to utilize the different skills in team members on different teams. For example, if a customer is talking with a representative from the information technology (IT) department about a technical issue, a customer service representative may be needed to first listen and gather the information to relay to the IT specialist. The teams work together to increase productivity. Tall organizations have many levels from the executives down to the entry-level positions. Tall organizations commonly use an authoritative leadership approach where leadership makes executive decisions that are communicated through management with the expectation of employees following directions without questions. This structure limits feedback from employees and does not encourage free-thinking or critical thinking. This type of structure is seen in the military. An office gives a command and the soldiers are expected to respond immediately, without question. Flat organizations have fewer levels of management and leadership and incorporate employees into the decision-making process and daily affairs of the business. A democratic or delegative leadership structure places the emphasis more on the members of the organization than the leadership. Democratic leadership pulls team members into the decision-making process for help on brainstorming, feedback and improving company policy and procedures. Delegative structures assign tasks to different teams and allow the teams to make decision on their own without consulting leadership. What Is Hotel Organizational Structure?  A hotel organizational structure is a comprehensive plan by a hotel owner to define departmental activities and responsibilities. This structure brings order to every aspect of hotel operation from the front desk and room service to the human resources department. Hotel organizational structures are necessary to ensure maximum profitability from each room, restaurant and bar on a daily basis. Your hotel can run efficiently if it creates an organizational structure that is easy to understand. Objectives A hotels organizational structure is useless without an initial listing of organizational objectives. These objectives address internal and external affairs for the hotel so that the goals it sets forth can be achieved by appropriate personnel. An internal objective for a hotel may be weekly meetings between department heads to communicate operational problems. External objectives within a hotel organizational structure may include recruitment goals for seasonal staff and variable pricing for weekdays and weekends. You can work with a hotel consulting firm such as HVS Hotel Management to establish short- and long-term objectives from the start. Span of Control  The term span of control is used to describe the chain of authority in a hotel organizational structure. A hotel using a wide span of control requires every department to report to the general manager directly. Hotels using narrow spans of control delegate management authority to assistant managers, department heads and supervisors for day-to-day problems. A small hotel is likely to use a wide span of control because the general manager may be on site every day. National and international chains use narrow spans of control to address hotel issues immediately as owners or general managers are not able to cover each hotel. Defining Department Responsibilities The five departments that are listed in a hotel organizational structure are Rooms; Food and Beverage; Human Resources; Marketing; and Accounting. The Rooms department handles customer service including laundry, housekeeping and reservations. FB is responsible for running room service, bar and restaurant operations. The Human Resources department is asked to handle employee recruitment, training and benefits, and Accounting oversees the hotel ledger. The Marketing department is given the responsibility of selling ad space in hotels and running promotions. Organizational Flow Chart The size of your hotel will determine the size and nature of your organizational flow chart. A small hotel with a handful of employees may feature a two-level chart with the owner at the top and lines connecting to maintenance, reservations and housekeeping. A chain hotel must insert additional layers of management including an executive board and regional managers, which expands the flow chart to at least four layers. An organizational flow chart can be as general as a simple departmental overview or focused on position-by-position relationships throughout the hotel. Job Definition and Responsibilities Your hotel should define each job title carefully after completing its organizational flow chart. Each job should be listed alphabetically within each department and include a brief summary of job responsibilities. A comprehensive list of job responsibilities for each position title should be included in an organization structure. This list is used by human resource managers for recruitment ads and employee evaluations within your hotel. Your hotels employees understand what they need to get done each day if they have access to narrowly defined job responsibilities. Types of Hotel Organizational Structure By Mollye Miller, eHow Contributor updated: May 11, 2010 Large luxury hotels require a complex organizational structure to meet guest needs. Because hotels vary in size and type, hotel organizational structure depends on the range of services and amenities offered to visiting guests. Some organizational structures include multiple departments, managers and branches to extend full-service luxury accommodations and amenities. However, small, low-budget, family run hotels may have only one manager and a few employees to handle all guest needs and services. Basic  Smaller or economy hotels need a small organizational structure and hierarchy to meet guest needs All hotels divide their operations into two basic categories: administrative and guest operations. Administrative personnel handle the hotels paperwork, accounting, human resources and office work responsibilities. Operations employees handle the general functions of the hotel. This includes checking in guests, coordinating events, cleaning rooms and maintenance duties. Both administrative and operations employees generally report to the hotel manager (general manager) and other managerial staff employees. The general manager oversees, and sometimes coordinates all hotel major functions and makes sure the organization runs smoothly at all times. Departments Administrative departments include human resources employees who hire and lay off staff; accountants, who handle invoices and paychecks; and front office employees who maintain the hotels database of guests and service calls. The administrative side also includes sales, marketing and promotional managers who advertise the hotel and its services. The operations department includes employees who operate, coordinate and handle all guest needs inperson or behind the scenes. Operations employees include the front office workers who check in guests, maintenance crews, engineers, food and beverage staff, event coordinators and the managerial staff. Full-Service, Resort or Luxury A hotel general manager oversees all hotel operations to ensure the hotel runs smoothly. A large, full-service hotel maintains an extensive organizational structure in order to quickly meet its guests needs and desires. The hotel utilizes a large management staff, including a general manager, a hiring manager, and managers of its catering, restaurant, housekeeping, sales and marketing departments. According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics 2010-2011 report on hotel organization, large hotel chainsrecognizing the importance of expanded lodging optionsare starting to offer limitedservice, economy, and luxury inns under one corporate name. Limited Service or Economy Limited service hotelsincluding boutique hotels, some bed and breakfasts, and budget (or economy) hotelsdo not require the expansive organizational structure that a large-scale hotel requires. These smaller hotels operate with a smaller, more diversified staff. According to the U.  S. Bureau of Labor Statistics report on hotel accommodations, patrons usually find smaller hotels in urban locations. Depending on an individual hotels rating, patrons often find highquality service and distinctive decor and food selections due to tight staff and quality control measures. Employee Hierarchy A hotels organizational structure depends largely on the quality, competence and hierarchy of its staff. At the top of the hotel pyramid is the hotels Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Underneath the CEO is the management staff, headed by the hotel general manager. The general manager, who oversees all hotel operations on a daily basis, may hire an assistant manager to help with his myriad duties and supervision. Underneath the general manager, a hotel may have a catering director, restaurant manager, wine manager, human resources director, administrative director, front office manager, etc. Underneath the managerial staff are the employees who work in food and beverage services, marketing and sales, room service, housekeeping and maintenance. The size of the hotel and the type of services it offers determines the complexity of its organizational employee structure.

how to become a great baseball player Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Being great at a particular sport, such as baseball, is actually quite simple. It takes a mix of talent and even more hard work. I have seen a very large number of athletes come through this high school with all the talent in the world, but had no work ethic. Talent is only a fraction of what is needed to be great.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The process of becoming a great baseball player takes talent, hard work, and a ton of practice. Baseball, being the second hardest sport in the world is a hard sport to stay discipline at. As a player, he must make sure he works at all the drills everyday, boring or not. Also, he must have the mental mind set that he definitely wants to make it to the big leagues, if he doesn’t, then its ...

Advantages of a Web-Based System

Efficiency is Everything One of the essential characteristics of the Internet Age is speed.   As a matter of fact, companies – whether large or small – cannot gain a competitive edge in our times without the use of the World Wide Web in their day to day activities.   The Internet speeds up communication, thereby allowing collection agencies to pursue debt payments faster than before.   Moreover, the collection of debts can be speeded up by the employment of a web-based system at Cougar Collection Agency. Another important advantage of a web-based system is that it would allow you to view the accounts even as you travel.   Clients would be given real time access to information through their own web browsers.   Furthermore, Cougar Collection Agency may employ data entry clerks and collectors to work from their homes – thereby cutting costs (â€Å"Web Access,† 2007). State-of-the-art web-based systems are available at reasonable costs Collect!’s Web Host is only one of many companies willing to help Cougar Collection Agency in collecting payments more efficiently than before.   The company creates web-based systems for collection agencies at reasonable costs.   These systems are â€Å"fully integrated and easy to set up;† â€Å"highly customizable;† as well as secure (â€Å"Web Access†). Conclusion Indeed, Cougar Collection Agency would be able to reduce costs while increasing efficiency by the employment of a web-based system. References Web Access. (2007). Collect! Retrieved Nov 7, 2007, from http://www.collect.org/webaccess.html.   

Southern Comfort

SO-199-01 Southern Comfort How did the movie made me feel? It was a warm feeling. The first ten minutes of the video showed this close knit family eating outside and that alone I admired. And I when I found out that his connection to his â€Å"chosen family† was so strong to come to his aid when he woke up in a pool of his own blood I began to admire the family even more. I assumed that that the life of a transgender person was hard. That was a given because it is human nature to fear or to hate what people do not understand. But I general broad scope of how hard it was. I never thought a trans-person could be denied service from a doctor.The film challenged me to really think about the social constructs that society built around the term man and woman. I still find it hard to see differently because I feel it is engrained into me to think otherwise. And honestly, the more think about it the more frustrating it is because each day I discover subtle things like blue blankets an d pink blankets for newborn boys and girls respectively that I never thought about. Which cause me to think ask a friend what exactly is a woman and man? A friend, replies with woman are capable of having children and then I responded by saying females can produce offspring.Manny and I couldn’t come to a clear a definition for the term â€Å"woman† or â€Å"man†. I liked how Robert stated it not between your legs that define you, but how you feel in your head and heart. I noticed that Robert’s son mixed his pronouns when he was talking about him. I also had trouble with keeping the pronouns correct, not during the movie but writing my reflection. I liked the movie overall because I believe the message was to let people know that it is up to us, as individuals, to be more open to the idea that our bodies do not label us as men or women. Our thoughts and our feelings do that.

Boiling Water, Condensation and Dissolving. Essay Example

Boiling Water, Condensation and Dissolving. Essay Example Boiling Water, Condensation and Dissolving. Paper Boiling Water, Condensation and Dissolving. Paper The purpose of teachers questions should be to promote childrens activity and reasoning (up 41 ) which Is why It Is up to the teachers of today to establish an understanding of the different sorts of questions that can be used to get different sorts of responses from the children that would Initiate participation In science activities on everyday things that seem natural to us. (Bonbon, A. Emblem, C. 2002). The focus of this essay is to explain the existing matter in solids, liquid and gaseous states applied to the concept cartoons which are then compared to a childs conception of the following scientific investigations; sugar added to a cup of tea, when water is boiling, and the reasons behind condensation on the outside of a glass filled with water and ice cubes. I am then to compared the correct answers to my childs answers and explore where the child is coming from and why they believe their answer Is correct. The child I Interviewed Is 10 year old Amy. She Is currently In year 5. She Isnt Like cost kids, as she attended a Korean public school In South Korea from years 1 to 3. Her background made It difficult for her to understand most of the clientele words as she probably hasnt heard them before. She had to learn how to read and write English at the age of 9 while everyone else in her class was far ahead of her. The particle theory of matter is the answer to many questions about our everyday life that everyday people barely ever think of questioning. It explains a whole range of phenomena that you encounter in your daily life (James, M. L 8). Matter is made up of many small particles. These particles differ in size depending on the substance and their speed varies on the temperature of the substance. Boiling water Water bobbling Is the cause of particles moving around each other rapidly as the liquid heats up which enables the particles near the surface to escape into the air creating gaseous air bubbles. The child I interviewed, Amy, said l think they are b ubbles of water turned into gas because the other childrens answers dont make sense because they dont sound right. If they are bubbles of air or oxygen they would float or fly away like when we blow bubbles with detergent. I understood where she was coming from as blowing bubbles with water and detergent is a common thing for a child to do and is the only safe thing a child her age could relate the bubbles in boiling water too. When I asked her about the bubbles of oxygen and hydrogen, Amy had to answer me with the question What Is hydrogen? So after explaining the meaning of hydrogen she still kept with her own answer. Dissolving sugar In tea When a solid dissolves in liquid, the particles move around and separate. When sugar Is AAA to a not cup AT tea ten solo particles are separated Ana move amongst the liquid particles. (Gallagher, R. Ingram, P. Polo-11)The sugar in the cup of tea isnt as heavy as it is separately, but it hasnt disappeared into thin air either. For this science experiment Amy said the sugar in the tea will be same weight as tea without sugar because if the sugar is in water it doesnt weigh much. Like when we carry each other in a swimming pool they are really light. She didnt really understand this one as well as the previous experiment, but I noticed she relates the experiments to what she has learnt from previous experiments in every day life. Condensation The condensation on the outside of a glass occurs when solid water (ice) and cold water have been introduced to a room temperature glass. The condensation is the solid water melting, cooling down the glass. Amy had to ask me what water vapor meant, and ended up with the conclusion that, the water vapor in the air has earned into drops of water on the glass because the air around us is trying to keep everything at the same temperature so it tries to warm it up. Again she went through the other answers first, and mentioned they didnt make sense. I believe she made up the reason behind her answer because she isnt very knowledgeable with her science concepts. Vive discovered each child has a different learning rate and that there are different intelligence levels of one age group. There is the generalized 10 year old, but whos o say they havent been living overseas in Asia for the past 4 years and have an understanding of only the basic science concepts. In conclusion, I have discovered that not all children are amongst the same intelligence level as the rest of their age group, as each child has its different backgrounds and beliefs which can vary their progress in learning. I found it interesting that Amy related most of her answers to examples in her everyday life that she could relate too. This made my Job of understanding where her answers had come from a lot easier.

Johnson v. Misercordia Hospital Essay Example

Johnson v. Misercordia Hospital Essay Example Johnson v. Misercordia Hospital Paper Johnson v. Misercordia Hospital Paper In 1980, patient (plaintiff) James Johnson filed suit against Misericordia Community Hospital alleging medical malpractice. The suit specifically alleged corporate negligence in the appointment of Dr. Lester V. Salinksy (independent member) to the medical staff at Misericordia Community Hospital. During the surgery, Dr. Salinsky severed the femoral artery, resulting in partial paralysis for Johnson (casebriefs. com). Ultimately, Johnson suffered a permanent paralytic condition to his right thigh muscles with resultant atrophy and weakness as well as a loss of function after undergoing hip surgery performed by Dr. Salinsky (Showalter, 2012). Salinsky settled litigation with the plaintiff Johnson before trial, but Misericordia disputed the allegation that the hospital was negligent in the hiring of Salinsky. The issue of significance revealed during the trial of Johnson v. Misericordia Community Hospital is that Salinsky’s qualifications, medical standing and references listed on the application of employment were never verified by Misericordia. During the trial it was revealed that; Dr. Salinsky presented an application for employment with information that included significant misstatements and exclusions that should have been a cause for a denial of appointment to Misericordia’s medical staff. For example, Salinsky failed to answer questions related to his malpractice liability insurance and also failed to mention that his privileges had been suspended, diminished, revoked or not renewed at any hospital. Instead, not only were Salinsky’s requested orthopedic privileges and appointment to the hospital’s medical staff approved; Salinsky was also elevated to the position of Chief of Medical staff shortly after joining the medical staff. Misericordia’s medical staff coordinator, Jane Bekos stated that an examination of Misericordia’s records reflected that at no time was an investigation made by anyone representing Misericordia, of any of the statements recited in Salinsky’s application or employment (Showalter, 2012). This was an oversight on behalf of Misercordia despite the fact that the Salinsky’s application for employment authorized Misericordia to contact his malpractice carriers, past and present, and all the hospitals that he had previously been associated with, for the purpose of obtaining any information bearing on his professional competence, as well as his moral, and ethical qualifications for staff membership State the relevant laws that the case uses. The Doctrine of Corporate Negligence holds health-care facilities, such as hospitals, nursing homes and medical clinics, accountable for the well-being of patients. Under the Doctrine of Corporate Negligence the hospital owes certain â€Å"duties† directly to the patient, which cannot be delegated to the medical staff. Under the Doctrine of Corporate Negligence Misericordia Community Hospital, owes a duty to its patients to refrain from any act which will cause foreseeable harm to others even though the nature of that harm and identity of the harmed person or harmed interest are unknown at the time of the act (westlaw citation). The Pennsylvania Supreme Court in Thompson v. Nason Hospital classified the hospital’s duties into four categories. 1) a duty to use reasonable care in the maintenance of safe and adequate facilities and equipment; 2) a duty to select and retain only competent physicians; 3) a duty to oversee all persons who practice medicine within its walls as to patient care; and 4) a duty to formulate, adopt and enforce adequate rules and policies to ensure quality care for the patients. The hospital also failed to adhere to its own bylaw provisions and to the Wisconsin statues related to medical credentialing. The respondeat superior doctrine holds an entity liable for the negligent acts of an employee arising from the course of his or her employment. At the onset of Salinsky’s employment he was an independent contractor. Hence, Johnson is not claiming Misercoridia vicariously liable for the negligence of Salinsky under respondeant superior. Salinsky would have had to be an employee of Misercordia for the respondeant superior doctrine to hold up throughout a court trial. Globally the Corporate Negligence Doctrine means that hospitals are no longer immune from tort liability when a case of negligence is brought to court. The hospital duty is owed directly to the patient. Hospitals who wish to avoid liability in cases such as Johnson v. Misercordia Community Hospital should ensure that the organization has an established and functioning credentialing system. Each application for employment should be verified including the applicant’s prior hospital affiliations and malpractice carriers. There should also be an established procedure utilized to approve medical privileges to the hospital and elevation to other positions in the hospital. The appointment and approval of medical privileges should also be approved by the governing board or executive committee after the credentials of the applicant have been verified. The adoption of corporate liability (negligence) has been linked to the rising number of medical malpractice claims, the ever increasing cost of healthcare (particularly in the United States) and also the issues related to obtaining and maintaining medical malpractice coverage for health care providers and entities. References Personal Injury and Corporate Negligence. (n. d. ). The Law Offices of Stephen R Bough. Retrieved March 15, 2014, from boughlawfirm. com/articles/personal-injury-corporate-negligence JOHNSON v. MISERICORDIA COMMUNITY HOSP. | Leagle. com. (n. d. ). JOHNSON v. MISERICORDIA COMMUNITY HOSP. | Leagle. com. Retrieved March 14, 2014, from leagle. com/decision/198180799Wis2d708_1746. xml/JOHNSON%20v. %20MISERICORDIA%20COMMUNITY%20HOSP. ’ Showalter, J. S. (2012). Liability of the Healthcare Institution. The law of healthcare administration (6th ed. , pp. 157-190). Chicago, Ill. : Health Administration Press.

5 Health Dangers to Be Afraid of If You Dont Buy a Paper Online

5 Health Dangers to Be Afraid of If You Dont Buy a Paper Online 5 Health Dangers to Be Afraid of If You Dont Buy a Paper Online Let’s face it, school is challenging and sometimes there are not enough hours in the day to complete everything. While one professor may believe that the assignment they give is reasonable, they do not know your schedule or the fact that your other professors have also given you a few â€Å"reasonable† assignments to complete. This can lead to a huge amount of stress and anxiety as you believe you must get good grades. Your parents are counting on you and your future career is on the line. Stress and anxiety however present their own dangers and accessing a little assistance when you buy a paper online can help with the grades and the stress in what looks like an impossible situation. If you choose not to purchase a paper online, here are the health risks you may encounter. 1. Anxiety and Panic Attacks A small amount of anxiety from time to time is normal; however chronic anxiety has a detrimental effect on your health.   It can cause sleeplessness, nervousness, lack of desire to socialize and if not treated can lead to hopelessness and depression. 2. Depression Depression can occur in college because of prolonged or constant stress and anxiety. If you never find relief from stress you begin to feel hopeless about ever feeling better or succeeding in the task of learning, which is why you went to school in the first place. 3. Digestive Problems Prolonged anxiety is thought to be a leading cause of IBS, or Irritable Bowel Syndrome. This syndrome causes diarrhea, vomiting, constipation and discomfort. Who needs that? Are school assignments and papers really worth your health? Obviously it is unwise to get help with every single assignment as you never learn to do things on your own. But using help on an assignment through buying a custom-written paper every once in a while may help improve your health. 4. Cardiovascular Harm Stress causes a â€Å"fight or flight† response where your body releases adrenaline giving you focus and depressing your appetite. This is helpful short term, but chronic stress eats away at your bodies resources and leaves you with a weakened immune system. The adrenaline also acts as a vasoconstrictor, constricting blood vessels and making you ready for action. This taxes your cardiovascular system and leaves you feeling fried and edgy.   Prolonged exposure to adrenaline can harm the cardiovascular system. 5. Weight Gain and Stress Eating Stress eating is a common cause of the â€Å"freshman 15† phenomenon, where a new college student gains 15 lbs or more in their first year because they eat in order to manage stress. This is bad for your health, self image and appearance.   Stress eating is understandable because eating releases feel good hormones that momentarily relieve stress. However, when those wear off, you are still left with the stress of that paper hanging over you, and what can you do then? Eating will only lead to weight gain so for your health’s sake, look for a better method. This may be a good time to order a model paper online, and not another pizza, to manage the workload and save your waistline. You should address any anxiety and stress with your doctor, especially if it is prolonged. You should also seek ways to relieve stress and you should not view asking for help as wrong. You should manage your health as carefully as you manage other important aspects of your life.

Globale Economy Essay 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Globale Economy 2 - Essay Example olders are the real or true owners of the company and they have invested in the organization therefore researchers and economists encourage the idea to maximize the investment made by the shareholders. The second approach is stakeholder capitalism in which all parties that have their stake in the organization should be given importance and not just the shareholders. All parties that could be influenced by the actions of the organization or their actions could influence the organization are referred to as stakeholders. Because in generating profits, there are other parties involved besides the shareholders such as employees and management of the organization, distributors, suppliers and people in the society and government, therefore the concept of stakeholder capitalism encourages maximizing the value of stakeholders rather than just investors. The approach of state ownership is also known as the government ownership as in this approach the government has the decision making authority. The concept behind state ownership approach is that the government would make decisions according to the benefit of the overall economic condition of the country and strategies would be formulated to meet the needs of the society (Clarke and Kohler, 40). Also this would discourage the idea of encouraging private firms to charge high prices and earn more profits. Stakeholder capitalism is the best approach to maximize the long run economic performance of the firm because in this approach, not only the shareholders of the firms are considered but every party that has something at stake with the organization would be given importance. Because an organization does not operate in isolation and different parties are affected by its actions therefore the approach of stakeholder capitalism should be encouraged. Employees are the ones who help the organization to grow and earn profits therefore it is important that they should be involved in the board of directors regardless of what

Arkansas History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Arkansas History - Essay Example Perhaps all forms of cruelty upon slavery were being done by the white Arkansans towards the slaves of the land back then. Lynching, whipping, burning to death were just some of the major acts to punish the accused slaves with insurrection. Discernibly one motivation that provoked the white Arkansans to do such further cruelty with the black ones was the fear of the notion that blacks someday will take revenge or rebel against them. This was due to the previous account of the African-American's movement in Arkansas to emigrate in Africa during the 1890's, and the notion that such force able to do by the African-American Arkansans that may lead to revolution. Jim Crow law was then issued around 1890's as a solution for this threat through unifying racism (Dillard 2008). Critical period of the African-Americans is at peak between the times of the state's civil war during the 1890's and the crisis of Little Rock Central High School. The crisis in Little Rock somehow resolved some of the issues, as the 9 black students involved in the crisis made a breakthrough by fighting and winning for their civil rights. These diplomatic act from the 9 black students paved way the promotion of segregation that was an ideal resolution of the crisis that period (Dillard 2008). White County in Ar Arkansas History: Great Depression Great depression was the period that Arkansas is known to have its greatest drought throughout the land. The 1929 crash of stock market started the phase of the great depression in the country. White County in Arkansas was the particular place that greatly affected during the depression. Before the depression, the state was doing so well with their businesses especially White County, specifically farm productions (Johnson 2000). Many factors were considered that contributed to the hardship of the state, but one of the main reasons was the drought that happened in 1930. This apparently withered the livelihood of those in farm productions. Naturally, farmers cannot produce any crop as well as merchants were hindered to proceed on their trade due to the lack of capital and development. Data stated that there were about 4,600 unemployed male citizens of county in 1933. Many of the promising states or county were expanding and advancing before the depression, however, when the period hit, it affected many people's lives due to the economic and social suffering. Believing Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal will resolve the economic and social problem, they saw hope from his election as they were longing for the direction and assistance towards recovery (Johnson 2000). Arkansan then were forced to be more self-sufficient especially the women in order to survive the devastating period. They learned sewing, food canning and preservation, home management provided by the home demonstration program under the New Deal. Arkansas: Reconstruction of Education Isaac Murphy (October 16, 1802 - September 8, 1882) was the first Reconstruction Governor of Arkansas, whose administration was intriguingly known for its fiscal constriction. His tenure was the start of the healing of the "war wounds" even the southern part was still dealing with it. When all fled away from the confederacy, Murphy remained alone and continued with his reconstruction philosophy. His reconstruction approach through low key governance

Who's to blame for homelessness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Who's to blame for homelessness - Essay Example We will also try to find the answer of the most fundamental question i.e. should help be provided to these homeless people? Who should provide this help government or nonprofit organization? Although there exists, alternative views about providing help to these homeless people I strongly support all help that is provided either by federal or nonprofit organizations. Homelessness Over the last twenty years a sharp rise in the no. of homeless people was observed. This can be attributed to many factors such as poverty, unemployment, family crises, sociopolitical conditions, family disintegration, violence, mental health and other catastrophes. In order to fully understand homelessness we first need to establish what exactly is termed as homelessness. Given below is the definition of homelessness as defined by Homeless Assistance Act 1987. A homeless person is can be described as â€Å"one who has no fixed, regular, and adequate place to spend the night time or an individual who lives i n a refuge, welfare hotel, transitional program or place not ordinarily used as normal sleeping accommodations, such as streets, cars, movie theatres, abandoned buildings, etc† (Chesnay).This definition does not include temporary residence with friends and family. Some people believe that this definition of homelessness is too narrow. They are of the opinion that to tackle homelessness properly we need to concentrate on its definition because that in turn will define the size of the homeless population and will determine our policy to the situation. O’Sullivan has outlined three categories of homelessness they are visible homelessness, hidden homelessness and at risk of homelessness. If we make use of all three categories it will help us tackle and prevent homelessness. Prevention Strategies Effective prevention depends on the two variables they are Identifying what we are trying to prevent Demonstration of result i.e. actually stopping or reducing frequency of occurren ce of the event. According to the public health model developed by Klein and Goldston, there are three types of prevention which are Primary Prevention Secondary Prevention Tertiary Prevention Primary Prevention Primary prevention strategy is a proactive step which is designed to prevent the action from happening for the first time or happening at all. From the perspective of our issue at hand it prevents homelessness from happening for the first time. Various issues leads to homelessness such as less income, family violence, physical and mental health and release from institutions or transitions from the social welfare program. Our primary strategy here for homeless prevention is to target these factors which involve community decisions and hence design our prevention strategies accordingly. (Martha R Burt) Secondary Prevention Through secondary prevention we focus on the early intervention so that before it becomes a severe problem risks can be identified. Secondary prevention in case of our issue at hand i.e. homelessness means diverting and focusing our attention to those people who have become homeless for the first time. The aim is to resolve their issues and help them getting out of this situation and taking measures which prevent it from happening again. The

Hybrid buildings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hybrid buildings - Essay Example Ancient hybridity began by home owners using animal skin amongst other animal and nature products to beautify their homes. Hybridity also began with experiments on human beings by cross-culturing different genes. It was later that this concept was brought to the design of homes such that homes in urban areas could have the richness and wholeness of nature (Joseph, 35). Homes in urban areas also laced space to extend their gardens and some architecture went as far as placing magnificent gardens on rooftops. The cost of land has continued to soar to sky high prices hence people have less land to beatify their compounds (Joseph 20). Programs have been developed to help make office space have auditoriums to enhance the greenery of the environment. Building serve more than one purpose such as office buildings having car parks too and even malls being developed to house various activities such as housing exhibition halls, hotels, clubs, swimming pool, libraries, among others. Making buildings multi-functional has helped ease congestion on land and reduce the cost of acquiring separate space for other activities (Joseph, 30). Many hybrid types have been and are still being developed. It is this ingenuity of architects that will help transform this century into something admirable for future generations (Joseph

Quality management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Quality management - Essay Example A number of scholars and theorists have contributed their knowledge and expertise towards the study of quality of management. Majority of such theories have been developed from actual organizational experiences. Juran, Feigenburn, and Deming were amongst the earliest theorists who contributed valuable ideas and concepts towards quality management in organizations. These ideas were further extended and made adaptable by the Japanese theorists namely; Genichi Taguchi, Shigeo Shingo, and Kaoru Ishikawa. The ideas provided by such eminent scholars led to the development of important quality management techniques such as Six Sigma, Just in time, Mc Kinsey 7S framework, Jidoko, Kaizen and quality circles amongst much more. These concepts are widely practiced in modern organizations to gain efficiency in operations and attain quality related objectives in end products. Kelemen’s dimensions In the book Managing Quality by Mihaela Kelemen, the author has provided insight upon the impor tance of quality management on the basis of eight important approaches which are divided into two important categories. The categories are mainly the managerial and the critical perspectives of the quality management approaches. These perspectives and approaches are considered to be an extended view of Garvin’s framework in quality management. However, the approaches developed by Kelemen were seen to incorporate the notions provided by different, authors. Writers were also seen to support more than one particular approach.

Hybrid buildings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hybrid buildings - Essay Example Ancient hybridity began by home owners using animal skin amongst other animal and nature products to beautify their homes. Hybridity also began with experiments on human beings by cross-culturing different genes. It was later that this concept was brought to the design of homes such that homes in urban areas could have the richness and wholeness of nature (Joseph, 35). Homes in urban areas also laced space to extend their gardens and some architecture went as far as placing magnificent gardens on rooftops. The cost of land has continued to soar to sky high prices hence people have less land to beatify their compounds (Joseph 20). Programs have been developed to help make office space have auditoriums to enhance the greenery of the environment. Building serve more than one purpose such as office buildings having car parks too and even malls being developed to house various activities such as housing exhibition halls, hotels, clubs, swimming pool, libraries, among others. Making buildings multi-functional has helped ease congestion on land and reduce the cost of acquiring separate space for other activities (Joseph, 30). Many hybrid types have been and are still being developed. It is this ingenuity of architects that will help transform this century into something admirable for future generations (Joseph

The Surrealism of Salvador Dali Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Surrealism of Salvador Dali - Essay Example The essay "The Surrealism of Salvador Dali" focuses on the surrealistic art of Salvador Dali. Surrealism was born in the period between World War I and World War II, 1919-1939. When we look at Dal’s work during this period, we can see the beginning of a thoughtful contemplation on surrealism. One of the most convenient places to readily access Dali’s body of work is the online site called Virtual Dali. At this web site one can access the works through the organized periods of the artist’s work: 1910-1927; 1951-1959; 1960-1972; 1972-1983. So when we say that the period to 1919-1939 reflected a thoughtfulness on the subject of surrealism, it was perhaps because many of the works from that period are portraiture that appears caught between cubism – introduced by Pablo Picaso between 1907-1914 - and surrealism, although some of the themes that we see in works like Saltimbanques has some of the recurring elements that we find in later Dali surrealism. In Saltim banques we see familiar figures from later works in familiar poses, but not in the state of surrounding surrealism. Still, it was clear that surrealism was on Dali’s mind, and if a community was represented by surrealism, a philosophy, then these early works demonstrates that Salvador Dali was leaning towards the surrealist community, exploring his own like-mindedness with the community. Pierrot Playing the Guitar is almost as if the artist is still mired in the muck between cubism and what would become his own specialty in surrealism.

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language Essay Example for Free

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language Essay When you say that something is impasse, it means that something that is being negotiated cannot be resolved or the two contending parties have reached a deadlock. It is a French word that could also mean or pertain to a situation that cannot progress at all due to misunderstanding between the parties concerned. One example of this situation would be the discourse between the employer and the employees regarding their Collective Bargaining Agreement. Labor history could prove that several negotiations of this kind has encountered several deadlocks hence, has become an impasse. It is basically due to the fact that at some points, the two parties concerned are not willing to sacrifice or give in to the conditions of the other. This scenario is very dangerous for it may result to boycott, demonstrations or protests as far as the employees are concerned. And on the other hand, it may result to retrenchment, as far as the employer is concerned. For there are two opposing interests, there would also be equal reactions to the issue concerned. As for me, if I would be the one to resolve this issue, I would find common grounds between the employees and the employer where each of them would benefit with the resolution of their problem. It may be in the form of an increase in the wages for this has been the long concern of workers around the world, and I believe is more just for both of the parties concerned. Through this, I believe this impasse would be resolved. REFERENCE Impasse. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language,: Fourth Edition. 2000: Houghton Mifflin Company: USA.

Prefabricated Components in Warehouse Buildings

Prefabricated Components in Warehouse Buildings The Malaysian construction industry is undergoing changes from an industry which employs conventional method to a mechanized and systematic system which utilizes the latest technologies. Prefabrication technology is a new construction method in the construction industry. This is vital for the future growth of the industry, given the trend towards global competition. Prefabricated systems have been introduced in Malaysia by the application of pre-cast concrete in beam-column elements. Since the demand of building construction has increased widely, it is necessary to improve the construction method, which fasten up the building construction process. Various types of building system are available in Malaysia. In general, IBS is a methodology which drives local construction industry towards the adoption of an integrated and encourages the application in the construction industry to produce and utilize pre-fabricated components of the building at work sites. Efficiency of construction process will be enhance, thus allowing a higher productivity, time, quality and cost efficiency (Abdullah et al, 1998). The advantage of using prefabricated system in industrial building is derived from a piece-by-piece model approach, wherein standardization plays a significant role in achieving economies of scope from the many variations allowed. This is a specific implementation of prefabrication; the distinction being that the structures follow an assembly, disassembly, part replacement, re-assembly sequence as required during their lifecycle (A. Abdallah, 2007). Prefabrication is the assembling components that made in a factory or manufacturing before deliver the components to the construction site. After completed the selected components in factory, the components will transported to the construction site where the structure is located. Prefabrication systems which introduce by Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) were succeeded and applied the prefabricated technology into the construction industry. Prefabrication is define as the structure construct with minimal additional site work which the components are produce in factory, assembled and position to form the structure (CIDB, 2003). 1.3 Aim A study into the usage of prefabricated components in warehouse buildings throughout the past 10 years. 1.4 Research Question Is there an increase of the usage of prefabricated components in the past 10 years? What are the problems facing in prefabricated components for the usage in warehouse buildings? How does the usage of prefabricated components that give benefits to warehouse buildings, does it reduce the construction time and construction cost? 1.5 Objective To evaluate the problem of prefabricated components usage in warehouse buildings. To investigate the aspects of prefabricated components for warehouse buildings. To investigate the level of acceptance in the usage of prefabricated components in warehouse buildings. 1.6 Scope of study This research is basically covers the scope of the usage of prefabricated components in warehouse buildings. The efficiency of prefabricated components is measured by the time and cost efficiency. Furthermore, the usage of prefabrication components will be investigated to study the efficiency. Last but not least, prefabricated components manufacturer will be interview to analyze more detail and accurate data to the efficiency of the usage of prefabrication components. To understand the usage of prefabricated components and the level of application in the construction industry. Research will cover on the efficiency of prefabrication components. Besides that, analyzing the time and cost efficiency of prefabrication components usage in a construction projects. Other than that, this research may take a comparison between prefabricated components system and other types of building construction systems. Data analysis will be carried out for the comparison. 1.7 Problem Statement With the ongoing construction trend in Malaysia, that is still very comfortably using labour intensive and low technology methods of construction such, this has initially lead towards low productivity and inefficiency of work at construction site. The highly dependency on conventional building system and unskilled foreign workers has definitely contributed to low productivity of work, although they may be cheap, but they are not efficient and cause high wastage. The quality of work has also been terribly affected due to unskilled working method that causes delay in construction projects. After completion of works, defects, structural failures and design inadequacies are some of the tell-tale sign of the current construction scenario that will always occur. In the end, these will lead to decreased in quality and waste of time in construction projects. Since the demand of building construction has increased rapidly, it is necessary to innovate the construction method, which speeds up the building construction process. In general, prefabricated system that will reduce in construction time and cost, for instance, time is money. But prefabricated system is not always applied in the construction projects, conventional construction method are still preferable in the construction industry. Without understanding the benefits of prefabricated system, it included different types of components that can be used during a construction projects. Adoption of prefabricated system in construction industry is to produce and utilize pre-fabricated and mass production of the building at their work sites. This will help to enhance the efficiency of construction process, thus allowing a higher productivity, quality, time and cost saving. Although the prefabricated systems has promised to solve and improved the current construction method and scenario in Malaysia, but the this method has been low in gaining popularity, partly due to lack of awareness and coordination among the relevant parties. This will also lead to the low popularity of the usage of prefabrication components. Performance and quality in construction will be improved that the obligation of implementing Industrialized Building System, as well as to minimize dependency on unskilled foreign labours in construction site (Kamar; Adbul Hamid; Ghani and Rahim, 2007). In conclusion, it is hoped that the prefabricated technology can bring out the tremendous potential towards productivity improvement as it encompasses aspects of standardization, highly controlled and quality pre-fabrication components which complements the various programs to increase productivity and quality control through the adoption of prefabricated systems which can lead to the increase productivity of prefabricated components. 1.8 Research Methodology The research methodology included the qualitative and quantitative research. A qualitative research is subjective in nature and it emphasizes meanings, experiences, description and so on. The qualitative research is applying in the survey for which have an attitude scale and measurement. For the quantitative research, it is objective in nature and it defined as an inquiry into a social or human problem which is based on testing a hypothesis or a theory composed of variables, measured with numbers, and analyzed with statistical procedures, in order to determine whether the hypothesis or the theory hold true. A primary data collected can be variable because it is obtained from different respondents. The case study is used when researcher is required to support the arguments and hypothesis. The results commonly are obtained from an analysis of person, a group of person or a particular project. Those examples of primary data collection such as interview, survey and case study. Secondary data is the data collected using desk study approach that is called secondary data because this data commonly obtained from other sources (Naoum, 1998). This data can be collected from other resources such as institution which the data are not stored in the library. Other examples are such as books, articles and journals which are published online and book store. An interview is a process of face to face discussion among the researcher and the related parties who is able to provide data and information to researcher. Such parties can be the professional person, manufacturer, developer and others. The best way of conducting an interview is able to obtain the data accurately and information which supported strongly that are raised up by the researcher. Whereas, the case study is a process of inspection and investigation that is carried out by the researcher in a place that are able to gain data and information to the researcher. Besides that, a case study that are conducted will be able to obtain the results and information accurately and conduct survey successfully. 2.1 Introduction Since the demand of building construction has increased widely, prefabricated systems have been introduced in the construction industry. The construction method has to be innovated, which will speeds up the building construction process. Prefabrication System which introduced in Industrialized Building System (IBS) that will reduce in construction time and cost, thus the quality of work will be improved by using this system. The advantages of using prefabrication system in industrial building are derived from a piece by piece model approach (A. Abdallah, 2007). The choice of prefabricated components comes from the primary requirement to use automation tools both in the factory and on site. Efficiency of construction process will be enhance, thus allowing a higher productivity, quality, time and cost efficiency. However, the challenges often occur in the efficiency of work, quality of work, are of productivity and the delivery of work. The construction industry is still applying labour intensive and low technology methods for construction which initially lead towards low productivity and inefficiency of work at construction site. The intensive use of foreign unskilled workers and low technology equipment has eventually affected the quality of work which results in defects, structural failures and design inadequacies of the construction projects. As a result, this has lead to unproductive practices and initially contributes to the late delivery of work. Therefore, a new system must be replaced which has better advantages in terms of improving productivity, indoor quality, improvement of work durability and efficiency and overall cost reduction. The Prefabrication System which introduced in IBS with the promise of improving productivity rate and lowering construction costs are able to implement in the construction industry. In other word, the awareness of current trends and latest construction technology and innovation is essential. This is a system  which the building components are prefabricated in factory or at site, with the usage of minimum in-situ construction to assembled and form the structure (Trikha, 1999). In short, Prefabrication System which introduced in IBS is a construction method that offers economization of design, site work and materials, provides shorter construction time, saving in labour, better quality control, immunity to weather changes and the most importantly, the cost factor. It has been proven successful in some countries, namely Singapore, England, and the United States (CIDB, 1998). In Malaysia, the shorter construction time offered by IBS seems to be the panacea for the housing demand in Malaysia. It is hoped that the widespread understanding on the prefabrication system can further help to develop and promote prefabricated system as an innovative construction method in Malaysia. 2.1.1 Definition of Prefabrication System Prefabricated system which introduce in industrialized building system can be defined in which building components are mass produced in factory or at site under minimal wet site activities and strict quality control. With the objective of maximizing production output, minimizing labour resource and improving quality which the process is an investment in facilities, equipment and technology. Building system is also defined as a various interconnected element that assembled together to enable the designated performance of a building (Warswaski, 1999). Prefabrication system that produce building components either in factory or at site with the specification of dimension and standard size which will be transported to the construction site and assemble to form a building (Chung Kadir, 2007). The structure that is construct using a technique in which the components are manufactured in a controlled environment, positioned, transported and assembled with the usage of minimal additional site works (CIDB, 2003). Prefabricating system generally follow an industrial production procedure that takes place in prefabricated plant. Thus high quality of building components can be reliably obtained under a more controlled production environment. Since standard sizes are commonly produced in prefabricating concrete, the repetitive use of formwork permits a speedy production of components at a lower unit cost. These forms and plant finishing procedures provide a better surface quality than it is usually obtained under field conditions. Prefabricated components may be assembled much more faster than conventional cast in-situ components, thereby reducing in construction time. The prefabricating process is also sufficiently adaptable, thus special shapes can be produced economically (Ahmed Abdallah, 2007). Prefabrication can be defined as a manufacturing process, generally taking place at a specialized facility, in which various materials are joined to form a component part of a final installation (Tatum, 1987). These prefabricated components often only involve the work of a single craft. Any component that is manufactured offsite and is not a complete system can be considered to be prefabricated. Quality control and minimal on site activities can be achieved which the building components are produced either in factory or at site (Trikha, 1999). The prefabricated system includes the industrialized process by which building components are fabricated, planned, transported and assembled on site (Junid, 1986). According to CIDB (2009), building system in which structural components are manufacture in factory, on site or off site, assembled and transported with minimal additional site works to form a structure. Prefabricated system also defined as construction system which built using prefabricated components by mechanical equipment, formwork and etc that delivered to construction site for erection and assembly after it is complete manufacture in factory (Abdul Rahman and Omar, 2006). Parid Wardi (1997) asserted prefabricated system which uses industrialized production techniques either in the components that is produced or assembly of building. The definition of prefabrication system is varies depending on IBS. Several authors may define the system as process or as techniques. The following table below (refer to Figure 1) is highlights the categories of definition. Besides, there are ontology position either can be terms as a approaches, products, innovation, improvements, modernization and new technology. The issue has been discussed in construction industry since the industrial revolution change the ways of human living and economic activities. Since the concept of improvement and quality take place in industry, the invention and innovation become significant to industry. 2.2 Aspects of Prefabricated Components The CIDB has put more efforts to encourage all of the construction company to utilize the prefabricated systems as new development method in order to improve buildings quality and enhance labours performance. Since the utilization of prefabricated systems is low in construction industry, advance research and improvement should be carry out to enhance and promote a valuable aspects of prefabricated systems (CIDB, 2003; CIDB, 2007). It is encourage using prefabricated systems as a construction method in the construction industry. Since prefabricated systems provide numerous aspects such as reduction of unskilled labours, less wastage, less volume of site materials, increased environmental and construction site cleanliness and better quality control (IBS Digest, 2009). Besides, the aspects of prefabricated systems can be discussed in term of time, cost and quality in construction industry. Faster completion of construction project can be achieved due to the usage of standardized prefabricated components and simplified installation process (IBS Roadmap, 2003-2010). Therefore, duration of construction period is able to reduced and saved due to speedy construction and installation. Usage of prefabricated systems is able to achieve a lower construction costs due to the reduction of construction waste and prefabricated building components from manufacturers. It is able to reduce construction waste as the building components are fabricated off-site and assembled on-site with minimum labour usage. Concurrently activities are obtained when the prefabricated components are manufacture off-site while other construction work can be conduct in construction site. Hence, the usage of prefabricated systems is able to speed up the construction work in the term of time. With the utilization of prefabricated systems, a better quality control can be achieved and produce a higher quality of construction. The dependency on foreign labours will be diminishing due to the requirement of specialist skilled labours during installation of prefabricated components (IBS Roadmap, 2003-2010). In the prefabricated systems application, the construction time and cost can be reduced by the usage of prefabricated components as the components are manufactured off-site and be delivered to construction site for assembling. Reduce on the usage of foreign labour can be achieve due to the requirement of specialist skilled labour for the installation. Hence, a higher quality and improvement in performance of construction can be achieved. 2.2.1 Characteristic of Prefabricated Components The overall cost for a construction project that uses offsite work can be less than a traditionally stick-built undertaking in current construction industry. This can be caused by a variety of factors in the usage of prefabricated components. The labour for onsite work may be reduced due to the requirement of specialist skilled labours during the installation of the building components (Carl et al, 2000). Severe onsite conditions and weather problems can lead to construction delays, onsite interference and worker congestion can be avoided, increasing productivity and lowering costs of construction project. The onsite construction duration can be substantially shortened through the usage of prefabricated components. Other project works can be completed before going to the site and this will lead to construction schedule decreased. Overall project safety can be improved through the usage of prefabricated components in the construction project. Prefabricated components were installed piece by piece with minimum used of labours, while conventional method needs more labours in order to complete the construction cycle for example, formwork fabrication and formwork installation, reinforcement bar fabrication and reinforcement bar installation and etc (Indra Gunawan, 2005). Prefabricated components that manufacture offsite will improve in quality. Controlled factory and production conditions and repetitive and activities, along with automated machinery can lead to a higher level of quality that can be achieved onsite. Usage of prefabricated components can potentially decrease environmental impact of the project that is partly due to reduced onsite construction duration and a decrease in the usage of labour requirements. The common characteristics of prefabricated components are: Cost efficiency Time saving Higher Productivity Reduce remittance by foreign worker Quality control Reduce waste of construction material 2.2.1.1 Cost Efficiency Usage of prefabricated components will result in cost savings due to a greater productivity and less wastage of materials during the production of the building components which manufacture offsite and deliver to site for assembling. Besides, prefabrication components also can reduce construction cost in site supervision which most of the output are similar, skilled labour required on-site for installation, wastage of materials, formworks, scaffolding, and etc. The usage of system formwork made up of aluminum, steel, scaffolding and etc will provides a considerable cost savings (Bing et al, 2001). 2.2.1.2 Time Saving Usage of prefabricated components reduced the construction duration in which most of the products and components are completed offsite in factory before deliver to site. Besides, it can reduce the duration of construction work onsite that conduct by labours. Prefabricated components for on-site construction and off-site assembly can perform as parallel activities, which the operations are not affected by the weather condition. Prefabricated components are standardized and the installation procedures are simplified. Therefore, the usage of prefabricated components will result in reduce of construction time. Prefabricated system which give faster construction time because of the construction element that manufactured in factory and foundation work can occur at site in the same time. This provides earlier occupation of the building, thus reducing interest payment or capital outlays (Peng, 1986). 2.2.1.3 Higher Productivity Prefabricated components that produce in factory or manufacture offsite are more productivity compare with the conventional construction method. The components are assembly on-site which result in better productivity. In addition, it is also convenience for site management and site inspection for the prefabricated method which the components are installed on the construction site. Hence, it will reduce in construction time as well as reduced the wastage of materials. Local construction industry is driven towards the adoption of an integrated in the construction industry to produce and utilize prefabricated components of the building at the work sites. This will help to enhance the efficiency of construction process, allowing a higher productivity, time, quality and cost efficiency (CIDB, 2004). 2.2.1.4 Reduce Remittance by foreign worker In Malaysia, the conventional construction method is highly dependency on the unskilled foreign labours that are easily to employ from the neighbor countries such as Indonesia, Philippine, Vietnam and Myanmar. The utilization of prefabricated systems can reduce the dependency on foreign labours especially the semi skilled and the unskilled labours due to simplified construction method at the construction site. The lesser labours involved in the construction will result in shorter duration of construction time. The prefabricated components are usually standardize prefabricated in factory or off-site and delivered to the construction site for assembly, construction time will be reduce by using this method compare with the conventional cast in-situ method. The Government aimed to achieve 100 percent usage of IBS and to reduce to 15 percent or approximately 50,000 of foreign workers in the construction industry by 2010. With the current foreign workers totaling 227,000, the remittances of foreign workers amounted to about 7.5 billion. It is expected that the Government would be able to reduce the remittances with the full implementation of IBS (Bernama.com, 2006). According to the IBS Digest (April June, 2005), a comparative productivity study has been conduct between projects that built using precast technology and conventional method. Three project sites are studied which two using precast technology and one using conventional construction method. Prefabricated or precast structural components were installed piece by piece with minimum used of labours, while using conventional method required more labours in order to complete the construction cycle, for example formwork prefabrication and formwork installation, reinforcement bar fabrication and reinforcement bar installation, concrete placement and formwork dismantle (Indra Gunawan, 2005). 2.2.1.5 Quality Control Better performance and component fit between parts for prefabricated system, which the components required more accurate profile and dimension of components that manufacture in factory. Prefabricated components that manufactured in factory can easily be control and monitor in factory for critical factors such as temperature, stripping time, and etc. Quality is the main factors in prefabricated system, the components that are manufacture off-site are better in quality control. A Quality Assurance Department is to ensure that there is a complete quality procedure and maintained regularly will be well set-up by manufacturer to ensure strict compliance throughout the manufacturing processes (NSL Eastern Pretech, 2005). It is much easier to control the quality in the prefabrication factory compare with casting at site. Prefabricated components which produced higher quality of components attainable through specific selection and the use of advance technology with strict quality assurance control (Din, 1984). 2.2.1.6 Reduce Wastage of Construction Material Prefabricated components that are prefabricated in factory or off-site will reduce the wastage of construction material and this will provide a safety working platform for the workers in construction site due to the reduction of construction debris, site worker and materials. Fewer mistakes, misalignments and deviations will be made by applying prefabricated system in construction industry, this will result in less waste reduces costs spend on materials, handling, dumpster and etc. With the reduction of construction material wastage, this will lead to the decrease in overall construction cost. IBS components offer minimal wastage, because the components such as precast columns were being prefabricated off-site. The entire component has been manufactured on the required sizes. Besides, the repetitive use of the construction material, for example, steel system formwork provides considerable are cost savings (Bing et al, 2001; Thanoon et al, 2003). Higher degree of precision and accuracy in the production of prefabricated components with the utilization of machine will lead to reduction of material wastage (CIDB, 2003). 2.3 Types of Prefabricated Components usage in Warehouse Buildings The composite construction method and fully prefabricated construction method was adopting into current IBS construction projects. The concept of partial industrialized system is derived from the composite nature of full industrialization, and is used to describe a manufacturing strategy that selectively uses some industrializing aspects (Nurul A.H. et al, 2005). Nurul A.H. et al (2005) also stated that, the fully prefabricated construction method will involve on the manufacture, assembly and connect concept. All of the designed fabrication components of the building will be manufacture off-site, assembly off-site and be delivered to the stated site on planned period. Both of the type of construction method is specifically aimed to increase productivity and quality of work. There are various types of prefabricated components that has been designed and manufacturer for construction project. There are factors that need to be considering on the adoption of the prefabricated components in the usage of warehouse buildings. The components which are commonly used in local warehouse buildings construction are: Steel framing systems Panel system 2.3.1 Steel Framing Systems Frame system may be defined as the structures that carry the loads through their beams and girders to column and finally to footing or pilecap. In such system, the skeletal structures will help to reduce the number and sizes of load carrying members. The important feature is the capacity to transfer heavy loads over large spans. Therefore, it is used in the construction of bridges, parking lots, warehouses, industrial buildings and etc (Junid, 1986). Frame system is a system that use beam and column as the main structure member due to the function that support all of the building weight. The walls have to be light for easy installation to support the building (Badir et al, 1998). In the development of construction industry, the usage of light steel trusses increased due to cost effective which profiled steel portal frame and cold-formed channels system as alternative choice for traditional hot-rolled sections. It is commonly used with precast concrete slab, steels columns and beams. Steel framing systems have always been the popular choice that used widely in the construction of skyscrapers (CIDB, 2003). The framing system is prefabricated in factory and delivery to the site with stated schedule. It is erected to the final location by using machinery, such as mobile crane and be join by special bolts, plates and welded with the structure. The products of steel framing systems (refer to Figure 2) are included steel beams and columns, portal frame, roof trusses and etc (IBS Survey, 2003). These systems especially steel beams and columns are commonly used in construction industry in order to speed up the construction works. 2.3.2 Panels system Panel system may be defined as the structures that carry load through large floor and wall panels (Junid, 1986). This system probabaly would be the most widely used prefabricated system which employed planar or panel-shaped elements for floor slabs, vertical supports, partitions and exterior wall. Depending on the scale of projects, some panels may be fabricated at site for easy transportation. Other panel systems available are such as wood, plastic, light weight metal and ferrocement materials. In panel system, loads are distributed through large floor and wall panels where walls support the building weight. This system is applicable to building which functionally require a large number of walls such as apartment house, hotel and hospital. This system is not applicable to buildings with large spans or many stories (Badir et al, 1998). According to Junid (1986), panel system may be defined as those structures that carry the load through large floor and wall panels. The panels can be made in various forms and materials and are normally prefabricated at factory. Concrete panel systems are extensively used in Europe for high rise building for ease of construction purpose. In Malaysia, this system is slowly gaining popularity in terms of low rise buildings. The products of steel wall panels (refer to Figure 3) are included lightweight steel wall panel, metal wall panel and etc. There are another different concept in classifying the building (refer to Figure 4) that the components shold be used as a basis for building classification hot-rolled steel sections which consists of frame system, panel system and box system (Majzub, 1977). 2.4 Issues of Prefabricated Components usage in warehouse buildings The adoption of prefabricated system which introduced in industrialized building system is still very low in construction industry. Particularly, there are issues regarding to the usage of prefabricated components in warehouse buildings. The implementation of prefabrication system in loca

The Stranger (The Outsider), Nausea, and Death on the Installment Plan :: comparison compare contrast essays

The Stranger (The Outsider), Nausea, and Death on the Installment Plan      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Stranger, by Albert Camus, Nausea, by Jean-Paul Sartre, and Death on the Installment Plan, by Louis-Ferdinand Celine, all contrast themselves with internal texts that fail to represent the world competently. The Stranger includes the prosecutor's narrative of the murders as an incompetent text by refusing to support the motives he assigns. It contrasts itself with the prosecutor's narrative in view of the excessive language of the prosecutor versus the simple reporting of Meursault. The Stranger similarly positions comments by Marie and Raymond as incompetent by contrasting their pity with the text's own view that no event is truly pitiable. Nausea positions a text by Balzac as incompetent because it assigns cause to events by using psychology and past time. The novel includes paintings of a wayward bachelor and bourgeois grandfather as incompetent texts. Nausea also positions the Self-Taught Man's description of adventure as incompetent by arguing t hat adventure is a social construct. Death on the Installment Plan marks an effusive letter to Courtial as incompetent, in contrast with Ferdinand's stance of reporting. It also positions Courtial's pamphlets promoting an outdoor education as incompetent by showing that they misrepresent Courtial's intentions and ability. Death also uses Auguste's letter to Ferdinand as an attempt to bend Ferdinand to the values of the bourgeoisie, which he questions. Each of the three texts increase its own verisimilitude through its implicit comparison with inadequate internal texts.    The Stranger contrasts its narrative of the murder of the Arab with the prosecutor's narrative, in terms of the faulty motives that the prosecutor ascribes to Meursault. The prosecutor provides a cause for each of Meursault's actions. Meursault summarizes the prosecutor's case: "I had asked [Raymond] to give me his gun. I had gone back alone intending to use it. I had shot the Arab as I planned . . . And to make sure I had done the job right, I fired four more shots" (99). However, the text does not assign these causes to the murder. As Meursault approaches the Arab, he realizes that "[as] far as I was concerned, the whole thing was over, and I'd gone there without even thinking about it" (58).

The Experiment Research Study: Craik and Tulving (1975)

Aim: To investigate depth processing by giving participants s number of tasks requiring different levels of processing and measuring recognition.Participants: Controlled condition (3 males and 3 females) Experimental condition (3 males and 3 females) Independent group designMethod: This was a repeated measures design experiment with three conditions. Participants were given a list of 60 words, one at a time and were required to process each word at one of thee levels (the independent variable). At deep level they might be asked a question, such as ‘Does this word fit into the sentence†¦?' At an intermediate level, they might be asked ‘ Does this word rhyme with†¦?' At shallow level, they might be asked, ‘Is this word in capital letters?'Following the task, participants were (unexpectedly) given a list of 180 words, which contained the original 60 words processed and 120 ‘filler' words, and were asked to identify the ones they recognised from the orig inal 60 (the dependent variable).Measurement: The two conditions create room for accurate comparison and results. Participants are referred to with numbers.Results: Significantly more words were recognised if they had been processed at deep level (approximately 65 per cent) than either phonetic (37 per cent) or shallow (17 per cent) levels.Conclusion: As deeper processing resulted in better recognition, then the level at which material is processed must be related to memory.Evaluation: This study relies on incidental learning (the participants did  not know they would be asked to recall the words), rather than intentional learning, which is the advantage of being more true to real life. This means participants are unlikely to engage in extra processing which could invalidate the results. However, there is a necessary level of deception required in suck a design which raised ethical issues.

Information Systems Strategic Planning Essay

Situational analysis is defined as a methodical compilation and assessment of past and current economical, political, social, and technological data. This has an objective of assessing the organizations PEST and SWOT analysis, and also identification of internal and external forces that may affect the company’s performance and choosing of strategies. Market opportunity analysis is the utilization of forecasting techniques to the market factors that may influence the demand a product. It is also defined as formal ordered effort to recognize future situations which can be utilized to gain competitive advantage. Several techniques ranging from simple extrapolation complex technological forecasting and decision support systems can be used in market analysis. The purpose of market opportunity analysis is to determine is there is sufficient demand for the envisioned product or service and to establish if he product or service can be offered on profitable basis in the market as argued by Boar (2010). The function of market opportunity analysis is to synchronize the operations of the company with the goals and objectives in order to gain competitive advantage. Task Information Systems is an organization with twenty three years experience whose business is the provision of strategic information systems for organizations, the company offers several Information and Communication technology based services such as M. I. S. / I. T. Department Management and Technical Project Management, Information Technology consultancy, network design, tailor made software, web development and user Training. A customer market opportunity analysis at Task information systems involves analysis on the firm’s priorities if they are in agreement with the organizations goals and objectives. The company intents to be a world class player in the information systems market , however, its objective is to provide information systems to fifty companies in two years. An analysis reveals that the goal and the objectives may not be in agreement since to be a world class player requires offering services to more customers in a year, not just fifty in two years. The company needs to clearly segregate customers, so as to be understandable on the criterion of determining the fifty companies to be served in two years. An analysis on the flexibility of the company in terms of willingness to tailor services to suit the needs of the customers, involves working with customers to design and redesign products. An analysis of the firm’s strengths reveals that the company has good community customers, moreover Task information Systems is relatively flexible organization which can be attested by its strategy on customer satisfaction. Another important concept on market opportunity analysis is on the products offered by the company, if they can be supported over a long duration of time for a number of targeted customers. The company offers M. I. S. / I. T. Department Management and Technical Project Management, Information Technology consultancy, network design, tailor made software, web development and user Training among several other services, this can be compared with the available knowledge base and expertise. The analysis reveals that the company is promising more than it can deliver to the satisfaction of customers, since if it is to offer all the advertised services the workforce would be overwhelmed. An analysis on ways in which the organization can make better, more productive use of the information to which is already in its domain to create effective customer satisfaction and relations, reveals that the company has the opportunity of faster information,that allows business with no boundary limit in terms of potential customers, furthermore the organization has positioned itself to deal with the latest innovations in the market. Task information utilizes the latest innovations such as Search Engine Positioning, NetObjects Fusion, Sonicwall, ZoneAlarm, and Kerio Firewalls this therefore reveals that the company is dynamic and stands to benefit from its strong capacity to consolidate on various innovations. On analysis of the existing policies, procedures and practices governing the management and utilization of information throughout the organization, reveals that information utilization in the organization is not centralized and there exists no centralized management structure, this reveals therefore that the company lacks good managers with good leadership skills, which may affect customer experience and relations. An analysis on the opportunities available for Task information systems, which can be utilized to gain competitive advantage include deregulation allows the company to advance into new markets hence more customers, in addition, the company can utilize the opportunity of faster information allows business with no boundary limit, this is because most of the services, offered by the firm are internet based, therefore the company can reach several clients at a time. Another present opportunity is in the strategies utilized by the organization to gain a market niche, the company utilizes added value, customer satisfaction, training, aggressive marketing, e-commerce and lower cost, in order to increase the customer base and gain competitive advantage. Conclusion To gain competitive advantage therefore, Task information systems has to focus on effectively identifying and meeting the unmet/underserved customer needs, and eliminate barriers that block some/all potential customers, while at the same time innovating opportunities that enhance the customers’ experience. The strategic moves to be taken are value chain which is a set of value creating activities within the company. This includes trapped value which is concerned with efficiency, accessibility and customer empowerment. New value involves personalization, extension, community-building, collaboration while horizontal plays improve functional operations to satisfy customer experience, in addition the company should adopt vertical plays which in concerned with improving industry specific business activities. Importance of gap analysis, determining weakness in other organizations Determining weakness in other organization is very important to assist the organization in deciding upon marketing strategies and tactics, knowing the weakness of the competitors is beneficial in understanding how to exploit those weaknesses while marketing the products of the company and pointing out the strengths of the company to the customers. Determining weaknesses of competitors is also important to assist the organization to avoid those weaknesses, and avoid actions and situations that may lead to the same weaknesses.

Gym Goers

Three Categories of Gym-Goers NAU: Composition 1 Three Categories of Gym-Goers People go to the gym to benefit their lifestyles by getting back in shape, right? Most people that go to the gym do not fit into any other category other than â€Å"normal†, meaning that there is nothing specific about them that stick out. Then there are those who definitely stick out with certain qualities you just can’t seem to escape from. There are always different categories gym-goers fall into and they are starting to stand out more and more.The different categories you will find at the gym are; the coach, the loud meathead showoff, and the social butterfly. The first category is â€Å"the coach†. The coach is the guy that thinks he knows everything about anything. Typically these types of people are yelling from across the gym that â€Å"you can do it! † or â€Å"you’re not doing that right† then goes on to tell you the exact steps about the exercise as if y ou wanted their help. These people will have on the best work out clothes and shoes you can get because they think they make you perform better.Right when you think they are gone and have left you alone, there they are right by your side again coaching you through your workout. Nothing is worse than when you are running and someone comes up and tries talking to you, but these people are there telling you that you need to go faster and start nagging on the way that you are running. You might give them dirty looks in the mirror and try to tell them to go away, but you can’t talk or yell at them because you can’t breathe from all the running. The second category is â€Å"the loud meathead showoff†.Many of times these types of gym goers are the people wearing shirts that show off their muscles and always are looking in the mirror flexing. They are constantly screams â€Å"oh yeah! † and grunt very loudly to make sure everyone in the gym hears them to draw att ention. They are the type of people that will go right next to someone while working out making sure they are doing everything ten times better than that person. You see these people usually with buddies that do the same thing and they will grunt face to face while flexing at each other and saying â€Å"WHOO! They might come over to you while you are doing pull-ups, grab the bar, and do five pull-ups to your one while they grunt loudly. They tend to hang out in a group at the end of their work out and have a protein shake and converse about who lifted more, how many reps they did, and when they will meet tomorrow for their next work out. The third category is â€Å"the social butterfly†. Usually, this is the person that goes to the gym with hopes of working out but never actually does so because they are too busy talking to everyone. They know absolutely everyone at the gym by first and last name and what they do for a living.They try their hardest to be involved in every jo ke and conversation. They might start on the treadmill but then they see someone, get off the treadmill, and have an hour conversation with that person. They are almost always the nicest person in the gym and will come over while you are stretching to say hi so they can avoid working out. They are the people that are at the gym for a few hours and claim that they did an hour of cardio and an hour of weight training just to make their selves feel better about the fact that they talked to people the whole time they were there.They will usually spend about thirty minutes on one machine just because they are having a conversation about the new iphone with the person next to them. If they would spend as much time working out as they did flapping their jaws they would be in great shape. No one really likes these people while they are working out, but somehow they are always at every gym you attend. I only wrote about three types of gym-goers, so imagine how many other categories there are and what you would name them. Take a look next time and see who you can spot out. I guarantee you’ll find at least one of these people lurking around your gym.

Final Exam Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Final Exam - Case Study Example refore, the proper focus on time can help him manage his business very well with regards to the sale of products and services (Turban, Volonino, Wood & Sipior, 2013). b) Growth: the business has been expanding and at times becoming hard for Ted to manage effectively. This is witnessed at the expressed desire by Ted to expand the bicycle repair work. He at one time had to close down the store due to overexpansion. Ensuring ted’s business growth without running into issues such as the overexpansion is significant and requires that Ted strategize his business not to over expand for proper management. c) Operational effectiveness:Ted has a lot to manage as currently he has to manage five stores. Ted has to manage everything from staff to ordering from his suppliers, and even works in one of the stores twice a week in order to save on costs. Therefore, if Ted can better manage his operations, it would help him in expanding his bicycle repairs and get his business to grow (Turban et al., 2013). a) Weather: Ted to has open his business when there is favorable weather to ride any bicycle. During the rainy periods, he has to close down and open during the weekends and during the sunny days he has to open because the weather is favorable. Ted needs information on weather because cycling is deeply affected by weather conditions. b) Advertisement: Ted needs to advertize his business well in order to boost his sales. This is a good strategy as it will enhance his competitiveness with other firms producing similar products and in turn win his clients. He should have information on the best advertisement channel that will reach his targeted market on time without any delays (Turban et al., 2013). The advertising agency should also suit his goods and be cost effective according to his ability. c) Sales: this is basically a vital information Ted has to be updated on. The quantity of sales he should make within a given period of time should be dependent on the demand and

Why There Would Be No People Without Plants Assignment

Why There Would Be No People Without Plants - Assignment Example Plants are an important part of the ecology and help in the maintenance of the normal environment on Earth. They are essential to life because they help in cleaning the atmosphere, maintain an appropriate balance of gases on Earth and also they serve as a source of food for the human beings as well as other living beings. Plants have been endowed with a very special property which makes them unique and assists them in performing their functions. The plants take up energy in the form of light from the Sun and a set of reactions ensues within the leaves of the plants. This sequence of reactions leads to the formation of food sources in the form of carbohydrate from the carbon dioxide which is captured by the leaves from the atmosphere. The leaves possess this property due to the presence of a green pigment known as chlorophyll. At the same time there is release of oxygen from the leaves of the plants. This process is known as photosynthesis as it uses up light and it occurs during day time because of the availability of sunlight during the day and at the same time there is synthesis of carbohydrates. Hence this function of the plants assists in the utilization of carbon dioxide which is produced in the atmosphere by human beings during breathing and also during other processes. The plants also utilize oxygen like all living matter for the carrying out of the process of respiration. This oxygen is used to drive the processes a t the cellular levels to provide energy for the appropriate usage of energy. Hence the plant has a complex mechanism in which it utilizes carbon dioxide and produces oxygen in the process. But they also then utilize oxygen for carrying out essential reactions. The plants basically carry out the process of photosynthesis mainly during the day and the process of respiration and utilization of oxygen is at peak during the night. Therefore it can be seen that the plants form

Professional Goal and Action Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Professional Goal and Action Plan - Essay Example For me, being successful in public relations will serve a lifelong purpose as it will help me create an environment that significantly values the importance of interpersonal relations. It is not only for me but for the society. I want to create a difference in the society, and this is the primary reason why I want to become successful in that field. I want to reiterate the value of interpersonal relations in the success of any person, business or culture. Since humans are natural social beings, the field of public relations is important as it helps in creating the environment, values and morals of the society (Reddi, 2009). It gives a hand in shaping people’s perspectives and reveal the truth and facts behind things in a manner that laymen can easily understand. The first thing that I need to do is specify my goals. In this section, I need to create a specific objective statement which corresponds to the smart action plan. The smart goal contains a statement which is specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-bound. Without these important aspects, I wouldn’t be able to create an action plan that is relevant to my goal. ... The primary function of a public relations practitioner is to advise the management of the impact of its policies to the public and to relay the impact of business moves and policies to the public (Johnston, et.al., 2009; Narula, 2006). Breaking this down, a public relations publicist are: â€Å"to advise management on policy and its effect on public relations, to channel and coordinate within an organization the activities that affect public relations, to provide the mechanics for explaining an organization and its policies to its various publics through communication media and to ascertain and explain to management what various publics think about the organization† (Johnston, et.al., 2009). In this regard, I believe that the role of a public relations practitioner is to guide not only the public of what is happening within the business by relating the policies to the masses’ experience but also to inform the business industry of the impact of their policies to the pub lic (Botha, et.al., 2007). This is an important ground in creating policies and defining changes and development within the business in order to be better and to be able to gain the trust and confidence of the public. The different areas of public relations are the following: communication, publicity, promotions, press agentry, integrated marketing, issues management, crisis management, press secretary or public information agent, public affairs or lobbyist, financial relations, communication relations, internal relations, industry relations, minority relations, media relations, public diplomacy, event management, sponsorship, cause relationship marketing and fundraising (Johnston,