Fetal Alcohol Syndrome :: essays research papers

Fetal inebriant syndromeThe 1990s is witnessing the significant impact inebriant-related birth defects are having on our society. These birth defects are caused by motherly use of alcohol during pregnancy which are irreversible, yet preventable. The most severe outcome, fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), to the less easily diagnosed fetal alcohol effects (fuel-air explosive). The incidence of FAS is estimated at .33 per 1,000 live births. The estimated incidence of FAE is three times that of FAS. With an annual speak to of $76.4 million in the United States which only includes FAS, not FAE. The bulk of these be are associated with mental retardation. It impacts the family, education system, health system and social service in general, as well as individual losses. FAS is considered the most common land known cause of mental retardation in the Western World. For a positive diagnosis of FAS, in addition to a history of maternal alcohol use during pregnancy, each of the following th ree categories must be present 1. slow growth before and after birth including weight, tip and/or head circumference, 2. facial dysmorphology such as thin fastness lip, flattened philtrum, and/or short openings between eyelids, and 3. damage to the central dying(p) system. Diagnosis can be difficult because many of the critical diagnostic features change with age. It is most difficult to diagnose in newborns and adults. Reaching an FAE diagnosis is even more difficult because only some of the symptoms are present, and possibly not as visible. This disorder cannot be detected by genetic testing because the damage is done after the baby is born.It is not known how much a pregnant woman can safely drink without damaging the fetus, although heavier drinking increases the likelihood of damage. Also, there does not seem to be any time during pregnancy when it is safe to drink. As a result, it is generally recommended that pregnant women abstain from drinking. Children born later to alcoholic mothers were at greater risk than older siblings. Another variable is the fact that drinking alcohol may not be the only risk-taking behavior of the mother. curt nutrition, poor health, smoking, and other drug use may also gift to poorer neonatal outcome. There is still a lot to be lettered about how alcohol causes damage to the fetus, as well as the clock of exposure. Alcohol affects many organ systems, including the brain, which develops throughout all trimesters of pregnancy.